HIPOKONDRIASIS

Hipokondriasis adalah keterpakuan pada ketakutan menderita, atau keyakinan bahwa seseorang memiliki penyakit medis yang serius, meski tidak ada dasar medis untuk keluhan yang dapat ditemukan. Seseorang yang mengidap hipokondria rata-rata alasanya dia mengaku memiliki penyakit yang parah di karenakan dia butuh ada nya perhatian dari lingkungan sekitarnya.

Ciri-ciri dari Hipokondriasis ini adalah:

a.       Orang tersebut terpaku pada ketakutan memiliki penyakit serius atau pada keyakinan bahwa dirinya memiliki penyakit serius.

b.       Ketakutan terhadap suatu penyakit fisik, atau keyakinan memiliki suatu penyakit fisik, yang tetap ada meski telah diyakinkan secara medis.

c.        Keterpakuan tidak pada intensitas khayalan dan tidak terbatas pada kekhawatiran akan penampilan.

d.       Gangguan telah bertahan selama 6 bulan atau lebih.

e.       Keterpakuan tidak muncul secara eksklusif dalam konteks gangguan mental lainnya.

GAMBARAN KLINIS

Penderita percaya bahwa mereka menderita penyakit yang parah yang belum dapat dideteksi, dan mereka dapat mempertahankan suatu keyakinan bahwa mereka memiliki penyakit tertentu, atau dengan berjalnanya waktu, mereka mungkin mengubah keyakinan tentang penyakit tertentu. Keyakinan tersebut menetap walaupun hasil laboratorium adalah negatif. Tetapi keyakinan tersebut tidak sangat terpaku sehingga merupakan suatu waham. Hipokondriasis seringkali disertai oleh gejala depresi dan kecemasan, dan seringkali ditemukan bersama-sama dengan gangguan depresif atau kecemasan.

TERAPI

Psikoterapikelompok                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Cara ini memberikan dukungan sosial dan interaksi sosial yang dapat menurunkan kecemasan pasien, sehingga pasien tersebut dapat yakin kalau dirinya tidak mengalami penyakit yang parah.

 Farmakoterapi
Menghilangkan gejala hipokondria hanya jika penderita memiliki suatu kondisi dasar yang responsif terhadap obat, seperti gangguan kecemasan dan gangguan depresi berat. Sang pasien hipokondria sangat butuh ketenangan agar diri nya bisa berfikir dengan baik dan bisa sembuh dari sakitnya tersebut.